Tramway or light-railway car.



PATBNTED FEB. 21, 1905.

E. A. STANLEY.

TRAMWAY 0R LIGHT RAILWAY GAR.

APPLICATION FILED OUT. 1, 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

HIIIIIIIHH WIT-5T5 555 b No. 783,326. PATBNTED FEB. 21, 1905. E. A. STANLEY.

TRAMWAY 0R LIGHT RAILWAY GAR.

APPLICATION FILED 00111, 1904.

4 SEBETSBHEBT 2.

XZ/IWEEEE Igx gl u? No. 783,326. PATENTED FEB. 21, 1905. E. A. STANLEY.

TRA'MWAY OR LIGHT RAILWAY GAR.

APPLIOATION FILED OUT. 1. 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

No. 783,326. PATBNTED FEB. 21, 1905.

E. A. STANLEY. I

TRAMWAY OR LIGHT RAILWAY GAR.

APPLIGATION FILED OCT. I 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

FIG; 6.

KYIY'EE E E 5 ETHELBERT ADOLPHUS STANLEY, OF PRESTON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR OF Patented February 21, 1905 PATENT QFFIQE,

ONE-HALF TO THOMAS FRAME THOMSON, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

TRAIVIWAY OR LIGHT-RAILWAY CAR.

SPECIFICATION for-niirig part of Letters Patent N0. 783,326, dated February 21, 1905.

Application filed October 1, 1904- Serial No. 226,870.

1'0 all; whom it noay concern.-

Be it known that 1', ETHELBERT ADoLPHUs STANLEY, general manager, a sub ect of the 7 King of Great Britain, residing at Preston, in

the county of Lancaster, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tramway or Light-Railway Oars,(for which application has been made in Great Britain, No. 1&906, dated the 2d of July, 1904,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of car which can be converted from the open type for summer use into the closed type for winter use, or vice versa. It has been customary in this type of car to provide amonitor-roof with abruptly-curving spaces at each-side. The sashes when raised were stored in these spaces diagonally one under the other, and the monitor-roof along the center was essential in orderv to provide roof ventilation when the car was converted into the closed or winter type. The construction, however, was disadvantageous and defective because the abruptlycurving side spaces projected disadvantageously into the interior of the car and subtracted from its interior. area, and also the diversion of the sashes from the substantially vertical plane in which they lay when the car was closed into the diagonal plane in which they lay when the car was open was the cause of the sashes sticking sometimes when being changed from one position to the other. It is the aim and object of the present invention to avoid these defects.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a car constructed in accordance with my invention, and Fig. 2 a transverse section; Figs. 3, 4, and 5, detail end view, sectional plan, and cross-section, of part of the car, showing the end ventilators and air-space in the monitor-roof; Fig. 6, detail view of a window-sash.

As will be seen from the figures, I entirely dispense with the comparatively narrow monitor-roof A (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2) and the objectionable storage-spaces B of the roof at each side, that so seriously subtract from the interior area of the car, and I make the monitor-roof A the full width of the car,

as shown at C, so that it will extend from side to side of the car-body. This is done without in any way increasing the extreme height at the center or the over-all width of the carbody; but it provides an additional height at the sides, which forms a storage-space and enables the sashes to be raised vertically thereinto to store them clear of the side openings without diverting them into a diagonal plane at all. This construction has a most important advantage, as it materially increases the interior car area without increasing the exterior over-all width transversely, and I know of no case prior to this invention in which the monitor-roof itself is made the full width of the car and the increased height at the sides of the car thus obtained utilized as storage-space for the sashes when raised. I make each sliding sash in two sections I) E, sliding in asubstantially vertical plane for their entire travel, and place inlet-ventilators F just below the monitor-roof O and immediately above the side openings of the car. The side posts Or, that define these openings, have grooves O, reaching from the belt-rail H to the top of the posts G for the, reception of the lower section E of the sashes, and these grooves are substantially in a vertical line for their entire length. At, I say, one-third of the way up a second groove commences for the reception of the upper section D of the sash, and this groove also reaches to the top of the side posts. On the step I thus formed rests the lower edge of the upper section Dof the sash, both the upper and lower sections of the sash fitting close together to provide a water-tight joint. When the lower section E of the sash is raised a considerable distance, abutments J Fig. 6, thereon come against the upper section D and the two are then raised together into position behind the ventilators F in the sides of the monitorro0f, thus opening the sides of the car. Thus the lifting of the lower sash Elifts the upper one D also. Along each side of the car inside, just above the inletventilators F, at the sides of the monitor-roof O, I provide ventilating-boxes J. These boxes extend along the wholelength of the car, with a space left between them and the sides O of the monitor-roof for the reception of the slid.- ing sashes when raised. At intervals openings are provided in the roof fitted with ventilating-terminals K, which place the boxes J into communication with'the outside. boxes are formed by stopping short a part of the paneling L of. the roof. Thespace between the forward edge of the bottom of the box J and the edge of the roof-paneling L is filled with a bent panel M, arranged with ven: tilating-openings N, so that the impure air in the car can freely enter the boxes J and pass out through the openings K to the outside of the car. By using these boxes J, therefore,

-a slight-drop ceiling at the sides is formed,

which, however; in no way interferes with the head-space, as has been the case hitherto.

When the car is converted into the closed or winter type, fresh cool air can be admitted through the ordinary inlet-ventilators F and the perforations Q, and descends into the car.

.As it becomes heated or vitiated it rises and passes into the ventilating-boxes J at each side through openings N, the vitiated air-current flowing out through terminals K in the roof and setting up an induced current of air when the car is in motion. Vitiated air is thus withdrawn and fresh air permitted to How in and supply its place. This insuresa constant discharge of foul air, while preventing any draft taking place. When the car is required for use as an open or summer car, the lower movable sectionEof each sash is raised. This lifts the upper one also, and they are both raised upward clear of the side openings and lie in a vertical position behind the inletventilators F. In this position they close the inlet-ventilators F, which of course are not required for use when the side sashes are raised for summer use. The full lines in Fig. 2 show the inlet-ventilators F closed. The dot-' ted lines show them in the open position. P represents roller-blinds in the inside of the car. The sashes can of course be made in more than two sections, if desired. The monitor-roof C is rounded at the corners 0, as shown in Fig. 1, and extends somewhat beyond the ends R of the car-body, so as to lap over canopy S, Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5. T represents .pivoted ventilators in the ends of the monitor C, and there is a partition inside with gauze or perforated panels U. Thus an air-space V is formed between this partition and the end of the monitor-roof. This constitutes a dust-chamber, which prevents any dust from passing into the interior of the car. In packing for export the monitor-roof C is removed bodily off the body and can be packed into a much smaller compass than a roof of the ordinary type with a comparatively narrow monitorroof in the center.

The ventilators T are operated by the handle W. This latter has a crank-arm X coupled to the middle ventilators by the rod Y. When, therefore, the handle is turned, the

These middle ventilator is opened or closed. Z is a rigid bar which connects all three ventilators T together. Consequently the handle will operate all three ventilators in unison.

I declare that whatI claim is 1. In atram-car, the combination of a monitor-roof, ventilators at each end of said car, means for synchronously moving the ventilators in each end, ventilators positioned upon each side of said car, movable windows carried by said car and capable of closing the side ventilators when the windows are in a raised position.

2. In a tram-car, inlet-ventilators Fat the sides of the car hinged so as to open inward, ventilating-boxes J in the interior of the car at the sides with side openings, vertical spaces between the said boxes J and the hinged ventilators forming Ways, along which the window-sashes are arranged to slide vertically when the car is converted into the open type, or vice versa, the said hinged ventilators being arranged 'so that the raising of the sashes will close them, or the lowering of the sashes will admit them opening, substantially as described.

3. In a car of the class described, the combination with a body, of a monitor-roof positioned upon said body, a ventilator formed upon said car at each end thereof, a perforated partition formed upon said car near each of said ventilators, each of said partitions and ventilators providing an air-space therebetween, means for adjusting and retaining said ventilators in a fixed position, movable ven. tilators formed upon thesides of said car, vertically-slidable window-sashes positioned upon said car, said window-sashes being capable of closing the side ventilators when they are moved to a position within the roof of the car,

permitting of the ventilators to open when the windows are closed.

4. In a tram-car, having side posts that define the window-openings, and sashes made in two or more sections, vertical grooves reaching from the belt-rail to the top of these posts for the reception of the lower section of the sash, two or more grooves commencing about half-way up for the reception of the upper sections of the sash,and abutments on the lower sash adapted when the latter is raised to come against the upper sections so.that the two are raised together clear of the side openings of the car.

5. In a tram-car, a monitor-roof extending the full width of the car at the sides, and at the ends lapping over the canopies, ventilators at the ends of the monitor-roof, and ventilatingpartitions inside, arranged in such manner as to form air-spaces or dust-chambers which prevent dust passing into the interior of the car.

6. A car, or the like, comprising a body portion provided with movable, sectional window-sashes, hinged ventilators formed upon IIO the sides and ends of said car, means for synchronously adjusting part of said windows, and a portion of said ventilators adapted to be held in aclosed position when the sectional window-sashes are raised.

7. In a tramcar,the combination with a roof extending the full Width of the car at the sides, movable ventilators positioned upon the ends of the car, ventilating-boxes extending in parallel position along the sides of the car, movable ventilators formed upon the sides of the car, and window-sashes positioned upon the sides of the car and capable of securing the side ventilators ina fixed position.

8. In a tram-car, or thelike, the combination with a body structure, of a roof positioned thereon, ventilatingboxes having openings formed in approximately opposite sides thereof, a hinged ventilator positioned upon each side of said car, a movable sash positioned upon each side of said car and capable of clos ing the ventilator when said sash is in an open position.

9. A tram-car provided with a monitor-roof, ventilatingboxes having interior and exterior openings formed upon the sides of said car, said car having an opening formed upon each side thereof, a movable member secured upon each side of said car and capable of closing said side openings, a sash positioned upon each side of said car and adapted to retain the member secured upon each side of the car in a closed position when said sash is opened, and ventilating means formed upon the ends of the car.

10. A tram-car provided with ventilators formed upon the sides and ends thereof, means for synchronously closing the ventilators in each end of the car, movable sashes positioned upon the sides of said car and capable of clos ing the side ventilators when said windows are in a wide-opened position.

11. A tram-car, comprising a body provided .with a monitor-roof, sectional, vertical, ad-

justable window-sashes positioned upon each side of said car, a ventilator positioned upon each side of said car near the roof thereof, the sashes upon each side of said car adapted to be positioned behind and retain the ventilator in a fixed position when said sashes are in a parallel, wide-opened position, ventilating-compartments formed in the sides and ends of the car, and means connecting the end ventilating-compartments with the outer atmosphere and the interior of said car.

12. In a device of the character described, the combination with a body, of a monitor-roof positioned thereon, a ventilating-box formed upon each side of said car, said box having I openings communicating with the outer atmosphere and the interior of the car, the ends of the car provided with ventilating-compartments, ventilators formed upon the ends of the car and communicating with said compartments, movable ventilators-formed upon the sides of said car, and means for closing said side ventilators when the window-sashes of the car are opened.

'13. A tramcar provided with an opening upon each side thereof, sectional windowsashes positioned upon the sides of said car and adapted to normally close said openings, a movable ventilator positioned upon each side of said car and above said window-openings, said ventilator adapted to be retained in a' closed position when said sashes are in a wideopened position within the roof of the car, ventilating-compartments formed upon one end and one side of the car, and means formed upon said ventilating-compartments for providing communication between the outer atmosphere and the interior of the car.

14:. A tram-car provided with a monitorroof, vertically-adjustable window-sashes positioned upon said car, ventilators positioned upon each side of said car and in the ends thereof, said sashes capable of being positioned within the roof of said car and retaining the side ventilators in a closed position, and means for adjusting the end ventilators.

15. A tram-car, or the like, provided with a movable sash, a movable ventilator formed upon said car, and said ventilator retained in a closed position by said sash when the same is in an open position.

16. A tram-car, or the like, provided with a movable sash, a movable ventilator secured upon said car, said ventilator normally retained in an opened position and the sash capable of causing adjustment of said ventilator and retaining the same in a closed position, when the sash is moved to difierentpositions.

17. A tram-car, or the like, provided with a movable sash formed upon one side thereof, a movable side ventilator positioned upon said 'car, an end ventilator formed upon said car,

said sash being adapted to cause adjustment of and retain the side ventilator in a closed position, when the sash is adjusted.

18. The combination with a vehicle, of a movable ventilator positioned thereon, and a window-sash carried by said vehicle and capable of moving said ventilator to and retaining the same in a closed position.

19. A tram-car, or the like, provided with a movable ventilator, a window-sash for retaining said ventilator in a closed position.

20. A tram-car, or the like, comprising a movable ventilator, and a slidable sash carried by said car and adapted to engage said ventilator for moving the same to a closed position.

21. A tram-car, or the like, provided with a slidable sash, a swinging ventilator secured to said car, said sash capable of being positioned out of engagement with said ventilator when in a closed position and into engagement with the ventilator when the same is partially, or entirely opened.

22. A tram-car, or the like, provided with a movable side ventilator, an end ventilator formed upon said car, and a movable sash sition, and engaging said ventilator when in formed upon said car and capable of adjusting an opened position. 7 said side ventilator. In witness whereof I have hereunto signed 23. The combination, with a movable venrnyname, this 7th day of September, 1904, in tilator, of a novable sash assembled {with said the presence of two subscribing witnesses. 5 ventilator an capable of a justing tie same. 7

24. The combination with an adjustable ven- EUIELBEM ADOLPHUS STANLEY tilator, of a movable sash assembled with said Witnesses: ventilator, said sash positioned out of engage- G. C. DYMOND, ment with said ventilator when in a closed po- J. MoLAoHLAN. 

